Note

title	Content Freeze

As of July 25th, 2023, there is a content freeze on this page.

Node.js by default is using a single core of a processor for code execution. Therefore, Node.js introduced a cluster module to spawn processes. “Cluster” was introduced to scale an application execution on multiple processor cores by creating worker processes. Worker processes share a single port, therefore, requests are routed through a shared port.

An alternate approach for scaling an application is to set up multiple Profound.js instances and use a load-balancer. The load-balancer method will allow you to scale to multiple servers and supports the setup of stateless and stateful apps.

This page shows the changes required to use clustering with Profound.js.

You can read more about that cluster module on the Node.js website https://nodejs.org/api/cluster.html

Create a new config file for the cluster module in your Profound.js installation directory (/profoundjs by default) called cluster.json

...

profoundjs/cluster.json

Code Block

language	js

{                    
"workers": 4,    
"min_workers": 4     
}

Modify the start.js file to include the cluster module

Pre-Profoundjs 6.0 - profoundjs/start.js

Code Block

language	javascript	title	profoundjs/start.js

#!/usr/bin/env node                              
                                                 
var cluster = require("cluster");                
                                                 
if (cluster.isMaster) {                          
   var conf = require("./cluster.json");         
                                                 
   // Figure out number of workers.              
   var numWorkers = conf.workers;                
   if (numWorkers == 0) {                        
      var numCPUs = require("os").cpus().length; 
      if (numCPUs < conf.min_workers) {          
         numWorkers = conf.min_workers;          
      } else {                                   
         numWorkers = numCPUs;                   
      }                                          
   }                                             
 
   // Fork workers.                                       
   //console.log("Starting " + numWorkers + " workers."); 
   for (var i = 0; i < numWorkers; i++) {                 
       cluster.fork();                                    
   }                                                      
                                                          
   cluster.on('exit', (worker, code, signal) => { });     
                                                          
} else {                                                  
                                                          
   // Load Profound.js                                    
   var profoundjs = require("profoundjs");                
                                                          
   // Apply configuration                                 
   var config = require("./config.js");                   
   profoundjs.applyConfig(config);                        
                                                          
   // Start Profound.js server                            
   var isWorker = profoundjs.server.listen();                              
   if (isWorker) {                                                         
                                                                           
      // This is the top-level Express Application.                        
      // Custom Express coding can be added here.                          
      var express = profoundjs.server.express;                             
      var app = profoundjs.server.app;                                     
      app.use(express.json());  // default to use JSON-encoded post data   
                                                                           
   }                                                                       
}

Profoundjs 6.0 and above - profoundjs/start.js

Code Block

language	js

#!/usr/bin/env node

const cluster = require("cluster");
const os = require("os");

async function startPJS() {
  const profoundjs = require("profoundjs");
  const config = require("./config.js");

  await profoundjs.applyConfig(config);
  const isWorker = await profoundjs.server.listen();

  if (isWorker) {
    const express = profoundjs.server.express;
    const app = profoundjs.server.app;
    app.use(express.json()); // default to use JSON-encoded post data
  }
}

if (cluster.isMaster) {
  const conf = require("./cluster.json");

  // Determine the number of workers
  let numWorkers = conf.workers;
  if (numWorkers === 0) {
    const numCPUs = os.cpus().length;
    numWorkers = Math.max(numCPUs, conf.min_workers);
  }

  // Fork workers
  for (let i = 0; i < numWorkers; i++) {
    cluster.fork();
  }

  cluster.on('exit', (worker, code, signal) => {
    console.log(`Worker ${worker.process.pid} died. Code: ${code}, Signal: ${signal}`);
    // Optionally restart worker or handle exit
  });

} else {
  startPJS();
}

Understanding CPU Utilization on IBM i

Yes, an IBM i system can report CPU usage that exceeds 100% when using multiple processors. This happens because the CPU usage percentage is based on the utilization across all available processors. Here's how it works: